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libcurl(3)                          libcurl                         libcurl(3)

NAME
       libcurl-url - URL interface overview

DESCRIPTION
       The URL interface provides functions for parsing and generating URLs.

INCLUDE
       You still only include <curl/curl.h> in your code.

CREATE
       Create a handle that holds URL info and resources with curl_url(3):
         CURLU *h = curl_url();

CLEANUP
       When done with it, clean it up with curl_url_cleanup(3)
         curl_url_cleanup(h);

DUPLICATE
       When you need a copy of a handle, just duplicate it with
       curl_url_dup(3):
         CURLU *nh = curl_url_dup(h);

PARSING
       By setting a URL to the handle with curl_url_set(3), the URL is parsed
       and stored in the handle. If the URL is not syntactically correct it
       will return an error instead.
         rc = curl_url_set(h, CURLUPART_URL,
                           "https://example.com:449/foo/bar?name=moo", 0);

       The zero in the fourth argument is a bitmask for changing specific
       features.

       If successful, this stores the URL in its individual parts within the
       handle.

REDIRECT
       When a handle already contains info about a URL, setting a relative URL
       will make it "redirect" to adapt to it.
         rc = curl_url_set(h, CURLUPART_URL, "../test?another", 0);

GET URL
       The CURLU handle represents a URL and you can easily extract that with
       curl_url_get(3):
         char *url;
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_URL, &url, 0);
         curl_free(url);
       The zero in the fourth argument is a bitmask for changing specific
       features.

GET PARTS
       When a URL has been parsed or parts have been set, you can extract
       those pieces from the handle at any time.

         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_HOST, &host, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_SCHEME, &scheme, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_USER, &user, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_PASSWORD, &password, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_PORT, &port, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_PATH, &path, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_QUERY, &query, 0);
         rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_FRAGMENT, &fragment, 0);

       Extracted parts are not URL decoded unless the user also asks for it
       with the CURLU_URLDECODE flag set in the fourth bitmask argument.

       Remember to free the returned string with curl_free(3) when you are
       done with it!

SET PARTS
       A user set individual URL parts, either after having parsed a full URL
       or instead of parsing such.

         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_HOST, "www.example.com", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_SCHEME, "https", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_USER, "john", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_PASSWORD, "doe", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_PORT, "443", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_PATH, "/index.html", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_QUERY, "name=john", 0);
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_FRAGMENT, "anchor", 0);

       Set parts are not URL encoded unless the user asks for it with the
       CURLU_URLENCODE flag.

CURLU_APPENDQUERY
       An application can append a string to the right end of the query part
       with the CURLU_APPENDQUERY flag to curl_url_set(3).

       Imagine a handle that holds the URL "https://example.com/?shoes=2". An
       application can then add the string "hat=1" to the query part like
       this:

         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_QUERY, "hat=1", CURLU_APPENDQUERY);

       It will even notice the lack of an ampersand (&) separator so it will
       inject one too, and the handle's full URL will then equal
       "https://example.com/?shoes=2&hat=1".

       The appended string can of course also get URL encoded on add, and if
       asked to URL encode, the encoding process will skip the '=' character.
       For example, append "candy=N&N" to what we already have, and URL encode
       it to deal with the ampersand in the data:
         rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_QUERY, "candy=N&N",
                           CURLU_APPENDQUERY | CURLU_URLENCODE);

       Now the URL looks like
         https://example.com/?shoes=2&hat=1&candy=N%26N

AVAILABILITY
       The URL API was introduced in libcurl 7.62.0.

       A URL with a literal IPv6 address can be parsed even when IPv6 support
       is not enabled.

SEE ALSO
       curl_url(3), curl_url_cleanup(3), curl_url_get(3),  curl_url_dup(3),
       curl_url_set(3), curl_url_strerror(3),  CURLOPT_URL(3)

libcurl 8.1.2                   April 26, 2023                      libcurl(3)