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URTWN(4)              DragonFly Kernel Interfaces Manual              URTWN(4)

NAME
     urtwn - Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8188RU/RTL8188EU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE
     802.11b/g/n wireless network device

SYNOPSIS
     To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your
     kernel configuration file:

           device ehci
           device uhci
           device ohci
           device usb
           device urtwn
           device wlan

     Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the
     following line in loader.conf(5):

           if_urtwn_load="YES"

     In both cases, place the following line in loader.conf(5) to acknowledge
     the firmware license (see below):

           legal.realtek.license_ack=1

DESCRIPTION
     The urtwn driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on
     Realtek RTL8188CUS, RTL8188CE-VAU, RTL8188EUS, RTL8188RU and RTL8192CU
     chipsets.

     The RTL8188CUS and RTL8188EUS are highly integrated 802.11n adapters that
     combine a MAC, a 1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip.  They
     operate in the 2GHz spectrum only.  The RTL8188RU is a high-power variant
     of the RTL8188CUS.  The RTL8188CE-VAU is a PCI Express Mini Card adapter
     that attaches to the USB interface.

     The RTL8192CU is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO)
     802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an RF in
     a single chip.  It operates in the 2GHz spectrum only.

     This driver requires the firmware built with the urtwnfw(4) module to
     work.  For the loaded firmware to be enabled for use the license at
     /usr/share/doc/legal/realtek/LICENSE must be agreed to by adding the
     following line to loader.conf(5):

           legal.realtek.license_ack=1

FILES
     /usr/share/doc/legal/realtek/LICENSE      urtwn firmware license

HARDWARE
     The urtwn driver supports Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8188RU/RTL8188EU/RTL8192CU
     based USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network adapters, including:

           Adafruit USB WiFi (802.11b/g/n) Module
           Alfa AWUS036NHR v2
           ASUS USB-N10 NANO
           Belkin F7D1102 Surf Wireless Micro
           D-Link DWA-123 rev D1
           D-Link DWA-125 rev D1
           D-Link DWA-131
           Edimax EW-7811Un
           Edimax EW-7811Un V2 (N150)
           Elecom WDC-150SU2M
           Netgear WNA1000M
           Realtek RTL8192CU
           Realtek RTL8188CUS
           TP-LINK TL-WN722N v2
           TP-LINK TL-WN723N v3
           TP-LINK TL-WN725N v2

EXAMPLES
     Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):

           ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 inet 192.168.0.20 \
               netmask 0xffffff00

     Join a specific BSS network with network name "my_net":

           ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 ssid my_net up

     Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption:

           ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 ssid my_net \
                   wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up

DIAGNOSTICS
     urtwn%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s  For some reason, the
     driver was unable to read the microcode file from the filesystem.  The
     file might be missing or corrupted.

     urtwn%d: device timeout  A frame dispatched to the hardware for
     transmission did not complete in time.  The driver will reset the
     hardware.  This should not happen.

SEE ALSO
     ifmedia(4), intro(4), netintro(4), urtwnfw(4), usb(4), wlan(4),
     wlan_ccmp(4), wlan_tkip(4), wlan_wep(4), ifconfig(8), wpa_supplicant(8)

     Realtek, http://www.realtek.com.tw.

HISTORY
     The urtwn driver first appeared in OpenBSD 4.9 and FreeBSD 10.0.

AUTHORS
     The urtwn driver was written by Damien Bergamini <damien@openbsd.org>.

CAVEATS
     The urtwn driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered
     by the adapters.

DragonFly 6.5-DEVELOPMENT      November 26, 2023     DragonFly 6.5-DEVELOPMENT